This diagram explains how a Home Energy Management System (HEMS) works.
Legend for colours and lines:
- Yellow: Direct current (DC)
- Blue: Alternating current (AC)
- Orange: Communication
- Pink: Internet
Elements shown in the house:
- Solar production via photovoltaic panels (on the roof)
- Hybrid DC/AC inverter that receives solar electricity
- Home battery storage (connected to the inverter)
- EV charging station (connected to the inverter and smart meter)
- Smart meter connected to the HEMS, devices, and the electricity grid
- Internet router
- HEMS, shown as a central control unit, connected to various devices via orange lines (communication) and to the internet
- Heat pump
- Electricity grid
Blue arrows show the flow of electricity from the inverter to the household devices.
Yellow arrows show the flow of solar electricity between the panels, inverter, and battery.